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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 69(1): 225-233, jan.-fev. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-836704

ABSTRACT

Características produtivas e nutricionais de Brachiaria decumbens, submetida a condições de sombreamento (sol pleno, 20% e 70% de sombreamento), sem e com uso de fertilização (80 kg.ha-1 de N e K2O e 60 kg.ha-1 de P2O5), foram avaliadas no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As parcelas sombreadas foram alocadas em um sistema silvipastoril, enquanto aquelas a pleno sol foram avaliadas em um monocultivo de B. decumbens. O sombreamento severo promoveu reduções de 54% na massa seca verde, 59% na massa seca total e 58% na densidade volumétrica de forragem. Aumentos da massa de forragem e da densidade volumétrica em resposta ao fertilizante foram observados somente nas condições de sol pleno e sombreamento moderado. A adubação não influenciou nas características nutricionais da forragem, mas o sombreamento severo promoveu aumentos de 20 e 51% nos teores de clorofila e de proteína bruta, respectivamente. Reduções dos teores de fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido foram observadas com o sombreamento. Os teores de lignina e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca não variaram com nenhum fator estudado (médias de 6,0 e 60,9%, respectivamente). A adubação de B. decumbens com dose moderada de NPK é recomendada para dosséis cultivados no sol pleno e sombreamento moderado, mas deve ser evitada em pastos severamente sombreados, pois não reflete aumento de massa de forragem nem melhorias de seu valor nutricional.(AU)


Productive and nutritional traits of Brachiaria decumbens, submitted to shading conditions (full sun, 20% and 70% shading) and fertilization levels (without or with 80 kg.ha-1 of N and K 2 O and 60 kg.ha-1 of P 2O5), were evaluated in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. The shading were allocated in a silvopastoral system, while full sun was obtained in an exclusive B. decumbens pasture. The severe shading reduced the green dry mass in 54%, total dry mass in 59% and the forage bulk density in 58%. Increases in the forage mass and forage bulk density in response to fertilization were observed only in full sun and moderate shade. The nutritional traits did not vary with fertilization, but the chlorophyll and crude protein contents increased 20 and 51% with severe shading, respectively. The neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber reduced with shade. The lignin content and in vitro dry matter digestibility did not vary with factors (average values of 6.0 and 60.9%, respectively). Fertilization with moderate dose of NPK is recommended to B. decumbens in full sun and moderate shading, but should be avoided in severely shaded pasture, because not reflected in improvement of forage mass and its nutritional traits.(AU)


Subject(s)
Brachiaria/chemistry , Nutritive Value , Pasture/analysis , Plant Physiological Phenomena , Sunlight
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(5): 1351-1359, set.-out. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-827898

ABSTRACT

O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Gado de Leite, em Coronel Pacheco, MG, com o objetivo de avaliar o valor nutritivo e a cinética de degradação in vitro de genótipos de capim-elefante submetidos ao pastejo, usando-se a técnica de mob-grazing. Utilizou-se a combinação fatorial (2x2x2), sendo dois genótipos de capim-elefante (BRS Kurumi e CNPGL 00-1-3), duas interceptações luminosas (IL) à entrada dos animais nos piquetes (90 e 95%) e duas alturas de resíduo pós-pastejo (30 e 50cm), dispostos num delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetições. Para o pastejo, foram usadas 24 novilhas mestiças Holandês x Zebu, com 190kg. O genótipo BRS Kurumi apresentou maior teor de PB (15,65%), menor teor de FDN (60,35%), maior coeficiente de digestibilidade (70,04%) e mais alta taxa de degradação (2,62% h1) em relação ao outro genótipo, quando manejados a 90% IL. O manejo a 95% de IL e resíduo de 30cm favoreceu mais altos teores de PB (14,04%) e coeficientes de DIVMS (69,81%) e mais baixos teores de FDN (60,61%), independentemente do genótipo. Assim, recomenda-se a utilização do genótipo Kurumi, manejado a 90% de IL e resíduo de 30cm, quando se leva em consideração o valor nutritivo da forragem.(AU)


The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Gado de Leite, Coronel Pacheco, MG, to evaluate the nutritive value and the in vitro kinetics of degradation of elephant grass genotypes under rotational grazing. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination (2x2x2), two genotypes of elephant grass (BRS Kurumi and CNPGL 00-1-3), two light interceptions (LI) at initiation of grazing (90 and 95%) and two post-grazing heights (30 and 50cm), arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Grazing animals were 24 Holstein Zebu crossbred heifers with 190kg BW. The genotype BRS Kurumi has a higher CP content (15.65%), lower NDF content (60.35%), higher digestibility (70.04%) and higher rate of degradation (2.62% h-1) in relation to CNPGL 00-1-3 when managed under 90% of LI. The management based on 95% of LI and 30cm of residual height promote higher CP content (14.04%) and coefficient of IVDMD (69.81%), as well as lower NDF content (60.61%), regardless of genotype. Thus, taking into account the nutritional value of forage, it is recommended to use the genotype BRS Kurumi managed under 90% of LI and 30cm of post-grazing residue.(AU)


Subject(s)
Kinetics , Pasture/analysis , Pennisetum/genetics , Proteins/analysis
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(2): 518-521, abr. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-591151

ABSTRACT

Milk fatty acids profile was evaluated using 12 Holstein cows producing 15 kg/day of milk with 4.0% of fat. The animals were assigned to four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two tropical grasses - Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, supplemented with two concentrate levels - 3 and 6 kg/cow/day) in a completely randomized block design. There was no effect of forage and concentrate level (P>0.05) on concentrations of rumenic, vaccenic, (C18: 1 trans-11) and oleic acids in milk fat (mean values of 1.01, 1.79, and 22.55 g/100 g of total fatty acids, respectively). The concentrations of lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), and palmitic (C16:0) acids were also unaffected by treatments (mean values of 2.63, 9.77, and 27.44g/100g of total fatty acids, respectively). Overall, the results illustrate the potential of tropical grasses in producing milk containing a more desirable fatty acids profile in terms of human health.


Subject(s)
Animals , Multimixtures , Cattle/classification , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Brachiaria/classification
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